Two Tribes Read online

  14. Lineker celebrates another goal, while Adrian Heath rushes up to congratulate his teammate. The Everton striker’s eventual haul would be 40 goals for the season, but he was unable to bring his team any silverware.

  15. The changing face of the game: Laurie Cunningham, Cyrille Regis and Brendon Batson were part of the first wave of black players in English football at West Bromwich Albion. They were nicknamed, rather insultingly, ‘the Three Degrees’ after the American female soul group at a time when black players had their manhood and fortitude questioned on a regular basis.

  16. Frank McAvennie celebrates after scoring for West Ham. The Scot was sensational in the first half of the 1985–86 season when the television blackout was in force. That he was unrecognizable added to his glamour. Everyone knew his name, but not his face.

  17. McAvennie was a hit off the pitch, too, becoming a tabloid darling with his taste for nightlife. Wags claimed that Stringfellows was ‘as much his club as West Ham’.

  18. Craig Johnston blocks a cross from Kevin Sheedy in the FA Cup final. The midfielder had struggled to break into the Liverpool team, but his performances in the 1985–86 season – and his goal at Wembley – gave the Australian some vindication.

  19. Jan Mølby: ‘Corpulent enough to be playing darts for Denmark,’ said Brian Glanville, marvelling at the midfielder’s unathletic physique. No one doubted the Dane’s ability with the ball at his feet, and Mølby’s brilliance turned the cup final.

  20. Ken Bates: Chelsea’s chairman rallied the smaller clubs in their battle against the ‘Big Five’. Eccentric, opinionated and forthright, he installed electric fences at Stamford Bridge to combat hooliganism. The council would not let Bates turn on the current, much to his regret.

  21. Kenny Dalglish turns away to celebrate the goal that sealed the title for Liverpool in the 1–0 victory over Chelsea at Stamford Bridge. In his first year as a manager, the Scot guided the club through the aftermath of Heysel and on to the Double.

  22. Fans went to extreme lengths to attend the 1985–86 cup final. Young men were willing to face a 30-foot drop and risk their lives to gain entry to Wembley for the biggest game in Merseyside’s history.

  23. Liverpool celebrate after their 3–1 victory over Everton at Wembley. Just a year earlier, the club were the pariahs of Europe. Now they had completed the most glorious season in Anfield’s history.

  24. A disappointed Gary Lineker (centre), applauds the crowd. The striker had played his last game for Everton. He would move to Barcelona during the summer and win the Golden Boot in the Mexico World Cup.

  25. The open-top bus tour was another humiliation for Everton. Liverpool, the winners, were in the first vehicle, taking the plaudits of the crowd. The press came behind in another bus. The defeated team trailed the convoy, almost an afterthought. Howard Kendall’s side deserved better treatment.

  Selected Bibliography

  John Belchem, Irish, Catholic and Scouse: The History of the Liverpool–Irish, 1800–1939, Liverpool University Press, 2007

  Eric Dunning, Patrick J Murphy and John Williams, The Roots of Football Hooliganism: An Historical and Sociological Study, Routledge, 2014

  Diane Frost and Peter North, Militant Liverpool: A City on the Edge, Liverpool University Press, 2013

  Howard Gayle, 61 Minutes in Munich: The Story of Liverpool FC’s First Black Footballer, DeCoubertin, 2016

  David Goldblatt, The Ball is Round: A Global History of Football, Penguin, 2007

  Howard Kendall, Love Affairs & Marriage: My Life in Football, DeCoubertin, 2013

  Anthony King, The End of the Terraces: The Transformation of English Football, Leicester University Press, 1998

  Tony McDonald and Danny Francis, Boys of ’86: The Untold Story of West Ham United’s Greatest-Ever Season, Mainstream Publishing, 2001

  Gary Shaw and Mike Nevin, On the March with Kenny’s Army, published privately, 2011

  Peter Taaffe and Tony Mulhearn, Liverpool: A City that Dared to Fight, Fortress, 1998

  Rogan Taylor and Andrew Ward with John Williams, Three Sides of The Mersey: An Oral History of Everton, Liverpool and Tranmere Rovers, Robson Books, 1994

  Pat Van Den Hauwe, The Autobiography of the Everton Legend, John Blake, 2012

  The End, Every issue of the ground breaking 80’s fanzine, Sabotage Times, 2011

  Websites

  Blue Kipper

  Liverweb

  Toffeeweb

  TV

  The Mayfair Set, producer Alan Curtis, BBC, 1999

  Picture Acknowledgements

  Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders where known. Those who have not been acknowledged are invited to get in touch with the publishers.

  1. Emily Place and Ben Johnson Street: both © City Engineer, Liverpool City Council.

  2. Emily Place and Ben Johnson Street: both © City Engineer, Liverpool City Council.

  3. Aquitania: © National Museums and Galleries on Merseyside.

  4. Liverpool FC in 1892: © EMPICS/EMPICS Sport.

  5. Liverpool FC in 1892: © EMPICS/EMPICS Sport.

  6. National Dockworkers’ Strike: © PA/PA Archive/PA Images.

  7. Tony Mulhearn and Derek Hatton and youngsters protesting: both © David Sinclair.

  8. Tony Mulhearn and Derek Hatton and youngsters protesting: both © David Sinclair.

  9. Margaret Thatcher visiting Liverpool: © Mirrorpix.

  10. Kenilworth Road riot: © PA/PA Archive/PA Images.

  11. Heysel Stadium, 1985: © David Cannon/Getty.

  12. Valley Parade fire: © Hulton Deutsch/Getty.

  13. Howard Kendall and Gary Lineker: © Mirrorpix.

  14. Lineker with Adrian Heath: © Bildbyran/Press Association Images.

  15. Laurie Cunningham, Cyrille Regis and Brendon Batson: reproduced courtesy of Wolverhampton Express & Star.

  16. Frank McAvennie: © Jim Steel.

  17. McAvennie with Jenny Blyth: reproduced courtesy of Landmark Media.

  18. Craig Johnston and Kevin Sheedy: © Bob Thomas/Getty.

  19. Jan Mølby: © S&G/S&G and Barratts/EMPICS Sport.

  20. Ken Bates: © PA/PA Archive/PA Images.

  21. Kenny Dalglish: © David Cannon/Getty.

  22. extreme fans: © Mirrorpix.

  23. Liverpool celebrate: © Professional Sport/Getty.

  24. Gary Lineker walking off pitch: © Mirrorpix.

  25. Liverpool celebration bus: © Getty Images.

  Index

  The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.

  Abramovich, Roman 278

  adidas 55–6

  alcohol

  clampdown on in stadiums and transport to grounds 68

  Aldridge, John 210

  Archibald, Steve 231

  Argentina

  v England in World Cup (1986) 270–1

  Arsenal 16, 69–70, 74–5, 105

  Aston Villa 80

  Athletic Bilbao 276

  Atkinson, Ron 9, 80–1, 82, 106–107, 130–2, 139, 145, 149, 152–3, 165, 184, 228, 278–9

  Bailey, John 135, 140

  Ball, Alan 139

  Bangles, The

  ‘Going Down to Liverpool’ 62

  Barcelona 226–7, 231–2, 268

  and European Cup (1986) 231–3

  Barnes, John 84, 271–2

  Bates, Ken 122–4, 125, 162, 163, 177, 278

  Batson, Brendon 80–1

  BBC 85–6, 123, 126

  Beardsley, Peter 203–4, 270

  Beatles, the 21, 111

  Beglin, Jim 165–6, 253

  Best, George 93–4

  Big Bang (1986) 120

  Big Five 105, 123–4, 126–7, 162–3, 266, 276

  Birmingham City 75–6, 204–5

  Birmingham race riots 88

  black players 80–1, 89

  racism against
83–5, 159

  Blakelock, Keith 88

  Booth, Hartley 88

  Bracewell, Paul 136–7

  Bradford City fire 58–9, 69

  Branfoot, Ian 117

  Brazil, Alan 145, 158

  Bread (sitcom) 62–3

  Bright, Mark 60, 78–9, 83, 84

  Brittan, Leon 9

  Brixton race riots 88

  Bromley, John 60, 123–4

  Brown, James 43, 45, 46

  Burgess, Charlie 7

  Busby, Matt 112

  Byrne, Gerry 187

  Byrne, Tony 97, 125

  Cable Street, Battle of (1936) 161

  Calvin, Michael 9

  Canoville, Paul 83–4

  Carter, Philip 124, 126–7

  Catterick, Harry 142

  Celtic 70

  Charlton Athletic 127–8

  Charlton, Jack 259

  Chelsea 122–5, 176

  1985/86 season 124–5, 176–8

  game against West Ham 177–8

  games against Liverpool 215–19, 220–1, 222–3

  win Full Members’ Cup 176–7

  and Bates 122–3

  epilogue 278

  fan violence 124, 216–17

  Chippington, Ted 45

  Clarke, John Cooper 146

  Clemence, Ray 157, 171

  Combat 18 84, 217

  Cottee, Tony 67, 68, 76, 92, 121, 145, 165, 178, 227, 228

  Cunningham, Laurie 80–1

  Cup-Winners’ Cup (1985) 13, 28–9

  Curry, Steve 215

  Daily Telegraph 19

  Dalglish, Kenny 3, 31, 69–74, 231, 265

  appointed player-manager at Liverpool 7, 72–4

  attributes and qualities 71, 73

  Bell’s Manager of the Year award 236

  early playing career at Liverpool 70–2

  epilogue 277–8

  and FA Cup final (1986) 247, 252, 263

  international career 174

  Manager of the Month award 154–5

  as player-manager and goals scored 69–70, 169–70, 221

  resignation from Liverpool (1991) 277

  and Rush 169

  and Super Cup 98

  tactics 101–2, 220

  Dean, Brenda 244

  Devonshire, Alan 118, 120

  Dixon, Kerry 176

  Dodd, Jegsy 45

  Dunnett, Jack 11, 230

  Eastenders 92

  Edwards, Martin 151, 162

  Ellis, Mike 7

  End, The 14

  England fans

  and hooliganism 12

  England, Mike 87

  England team 85–6, 174

  and World Cup (1986) 269–72

  European Cup

  (1977) 54

  (1984) 13

  (1986) 231–3

  banning of English clubs from after Heysel 9, 10–11, 13, 30, 232–3, 265

  Evans, David 68

  Evans, Graham 44

  Evans, Maurice 182–3

  Evans, Roy 73

  Everton 25–9

  1983/84 season 26–8

  1984/85 season 28–9

  1985/86 season 77–9, 94, 154, 164, 179, 184, 204–5

  aftermath of FA Cup Final defeat 260–1, 262–4

  Charity Shield game against Manchester United 69

  evaporation of lead 179

  FA Cup 190–1

  final against Liverpool 2–3, 202, 234–58

  game against Leicester 77–9

  game against Nottingham 205

  game against Oxford United 205–6, 208–14

  game against Southampton 219–20, 221

  game against West Ham 227

  games against Liverpool 100–5, 133–4, 154–6

  Lineker and influence on team 179–81

  loss of goalkeeper Southall to injury 174

  opening game against Leicester City 77–9

  Super Cup 97–8, 274

  appointment of Kendall as manager 26

  attendances 132

  buy Lineker 130–2

  and Cup-Winners’ Cup final (1985) 13

  drinking culture 108, 138, 141

  epilogue 279–80

  European ban after Heysel 29–30

  FA Cup record 185, 187–90

  fan violence 48–9, 216–17, 224–5

  fans and politics 159–60

  and Hillsborough 279–80

  Lineker’s transfer to Barcelona 268

  origins and early history 15, 16, 25–30

  players/squad 134–8

  relationship with Liverpool players and fans 214, 224–5, 260

  training 133, 141–2

  win Cup-Winners’ Cup (1985) 13, 28–9, 132

  win FA Cup (1966) 187–9

  win league title (1987) 276, 279

  see also Kendall, Howard

  FA Cup 127–8, 185–92

  (1965) 185–7

  (1966) 187–8

  (1980) 194

  (1984) 27, 28

  (1985) 28, 29, 132

  (1986) 2–3, 190–1, 193–4, 201–2, 234–58

  (1989) 279–80

  and television 126

  FA (Football Association)

  and television 105–6

  withdrawal of clubs from Europe after Heysel tragedy 9, 10–11

  Fagan, Joe 6–7, 31, 71, 73

  Falklands War 33, 270–1

  Fall, The 147

  fans

  identity card scheme proposal 69, 117

  and radios 204

  see also hooliganism

  Farm, The 43, 45–6, 110, 148 see also Hooton, Peter

  Ferguson, Alex 153, 236

  FIFA 11, 87–8

  Fish, Ken 183

  Football

  origins/beginnings 15–16

  Football Association see FA

  football clubs

  attendances and admission prices 59, 61, 75

  banning of from Europe after Heysel tragedy 9, 10–11, 13, 30, 232–3, 265

  compulsory ID card scheme proposal 69, 117

  and television 59–60

  Football League 229

  polling structure 162–3

  Francis, Trevor 70–1

  Full Members’ Cup 98–9, 105, 176–7

  Gale, Tony 120

  Garino, Mauro 42

  Garnett, Alf 119

  Gayle, Howard 84–5

  Geey, David 64

  Geldof, Bob 46

  Gibson, Terry 145

  Gillespie, Gary 166, 237–8

  Gillingham 28

  Glanville, Brian 7–8, 75, 106

  Goddard, Paul 76, 118

  Goldblatt, David

  The Ball is Round 23

  Goldsmith, Sir James 32

  Grantham, Leslie 92

  Gray, Andy 27, 30, 131, 138

  Grobbelaar, Bruce 6, 24, 31, 155, 156–9, 165, 171, 253–4

  Groundpig 43–5

  Hambridge, Ian 58, 76

  Hamilton, Billy 210, 211

  Hansen, Alan 71, 72, 138, 166, 174, 236, 257, 259

  Hargreaves, Ian 74

  Harper, Alan 138

  Harvey, Colin 133, 137, 139, 279

  Hateley, Mark 270

  Hatton, Derek 13–14, 17, 29, 32, 36–7, 39–41, 95–6, 140, 180, 258, 266, 275–6

  Havelange, João 30

  Heath, Adrian 27, 103, 103–4, 138, 180, 210, 255–6

  Heysel Stadium tragedy (1985) 5–11, 13, 14, 16–17, 24, 29–30, 39–41, 64–5, 231, 275

  Hill, Jimmy 163

  Hillsborough disaster 275, 277, 279–80

  Hollins, John 124–5, 177

  hooliganism, football 11–13, 16, 48–51, 58–9, 61–2, 159, 196–201

  and Chelsea fans 124, 216–17

  deaths 58

  decline 266

  and England fans 12

  and Everton fans 48–9, 216–17, 224–5

  and ‘football excursion trains’ 48–9

  and Liverpool fans 13, 58, 61–2, 150–
2, 217–18, 224–5

  and Manchester United fans 12, 49–50, 58

  and National Front 159

  tabloid coverage of 51

  Thatcher’s response to 8–9, 10

  see also Heysel Stadium tragedy

  Hooton, Peter 2, 14, 23, 41–2, 46, 64–5, 96, 97, 110, 147–8, 218

  Houlding, John 25–6

  Howe, Geoffrey 22–3

  Hughes, Mark 108

  Hurst, Geoff 119

  Hurt, John 262

  identity card scheme proposal 69, 117

  Inner City Firm (ICF) 51, 57, 76, 119

  Ireland 174

  ITV 123, 126

  Jenkin, Patrick 37

  Johnston, Craig 5, 71–2, 73, 100–1, 166, 247, 249, 250, 259–60

  Jones, Peter 7

  Jones, Stuart 104

  Jones, Trevor 39

  Juventus 5–6, 9–10, 232, 233, 273

  Kavanagh, Eddie 188–9

  Keegan, Kevin 70

  Keith, John 7, 104

  Kelly, Graham 60

  Kendall, Cynthia 261

  Kendall, Howard 26–7, 37, 70–1, 78–9, 101, 131, 136, 139–43, 226, 232

  and Atkinson 139–40

  in charge of Goodison 276

  death 276

  drinking habits 139, 140

  epilogue 279

  and FA Cup Final 252, 255–6, 263

  on Lineker 268

  management style and ethos 133–4, 142–3

  moves to Athletic Bilbao 276

  playing career 139, 141

  relationship with players 141, 142

  training ideas 141

  Kennedy, Alan 115, 165–6

  Kinnock, Neil 95, 96, 97

  Lane, Carla 62–3

  Lawrenson, Mark 6, 73, 74, 101, 166, 170, 181, 215, 220, 223, 237–8, 241, 247, 251, 253, 257, 260, 265

  League Cup (1984) 27, 28, 36

  Lee, Sammy 167, 260

  Leeds United 12, 186–7

  Leicester City 130, 228

  game against Everton 77–9

  game against Liverpool 205, 206, 207–8, 209–10, 212

  Letwin, Oliver 88

  Lineker, Gary 30, 77–8, 79, 129–32, 206, 208–9, 213–14, 220, 227, 241, 266

  awards 236, 272

  background 129–30

  bought by Everton 130–2

  epilogue 277

  and FA Cup Final 247, 251, 260–1

  fame 272–3

  goals scored 154, 179, 206, 227

  image 273

  influence on Everton team 179–81

  injuries 179